What are the different types of carbonaceous materials used to make activated carbon? Any form of carbonaceous material that can be burned in an anaerobic atmosphere can be used to make activated carbon. Wood, coconut, and coal are the most abundant sources because they are readily available and can easily be converted into activated…
Permeable Reactive Barrier – A Primer A permeable reactive barrier (PRB) is an in situ groundwater remediation technology that uses reactive materials to treat contaminants as the water flows through it. In the context of zero-valent iron (ZVI), a PRB typically consists of a trench filled with ZVI, which acts as the reactive material to…
Groundwater Remediation Basics Groundwater remediation is the process of treating polluted groundwater by removing pollutants or breaking them down chemically into harmless products. The kind of groundwater remediation we will be discussing here, and the kind that Hepure focuses on, is called “in situ.” In in situ groundwater remediation, the water is treated by pumping…
Soil Remediation Basics Soil remediation is the process of by which previously contaminated land becomes useable again. Broadly speaking, there are two strategies used for soil remediation: clean-up technologies and stabilization. Clean-up technologies reduce the amount of contaminant by either destroying or removing them. Stabilization technologies (also called containment) lowers the pollutant’s mobility and bioavailability.…
Petroleum hydrocarbon remediation requires technologies to address specific site conditions within a contaminated aquifer. Petroleum Hydrocarbon treatment technologies are designed to break the carbon – hydrogen bonds which make up the contaminate. Petroleum hydrocarbons can have a single carbon with multiple hydrogens bond (methane, CH4) to more complex hydrocarbons such as benzene (C6H6). The more…